Hello everyone! Well, here is the long awaited article about devices that are plays a major role in the music industry such as michophones.
DISCLAIMER:
There is a lot of features and characteristics of microphones and i would have to write about 5 or 6 articles to describe and explain all of it. So this two following articles will be written briefly and simply.
As i said early, microphone is a device that’s convert the sound pressure changing into the electric current.
By an operating principles all of the microphones are decided into two basic types: dynamic and condenser.
Dynamic microphone
Its priciple of working is based on the physical law that’s said that an electric current is caused by the conductor that’s moves in the magnetic field.
The conductor that’s connected to plastic membrane is placed on the permanent magnetic field. As we know, a sound is a pressure of an air and when the sound is pressure to the membrane then its starts oscillating in accordance to the sound’s phase, amplitude and frequency. Then, the membrane passes this oscillating to the conductor and that conductor’s movements causes an electric signal that have a wave form that is similar to the passed sound wave form.
Advantages:
- Their high reliability
- Their stable working with high sound pressure level, like those delivered by a kick drum
- They are relatively cheap
Disadvantages:
- Low sensitive to the high frequencies
Condenser microphone
The condenser microphone’s principle of working is based on the ability of capacitors to change its capacitance depending on the range between conductors plates.
In construction of this type of microphone one of the conductor plates is a movable membrane. The second plate is stationary. The sound pressure cause the moving of the first plate to the second (stationary) plate that is reduce the range between conductor plates. The resulted current is an electric signal of your spelled sound 🙂
Advantages:
- They have more sensitive on the high frequencies
- They have a quick response to the rapid change of the wave characheristics
Disadvantages:
- They need to an additional power source
- They need to a special treatment
- High price
Sources:
http://yoursoundpath.com/library/microphons/
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD
Radio technology in music 